{"id":10000091,"date":"2016-11-02T16:33:19","date_gmt":"2016-11-02T15:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/?page_id=91"},"modified":"2021-03-05T13:30:09","modified_gmt":"2021-03-05T12:30:09","slug":"curriculum","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/my-studies\/curriculum\/","title":{"rendered":"Curriculum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div\n    id=\"\"\n    class=\"wp-block-curriculum margin-bottom-normal\"\n>\n    <div class=\"container-lg\">\n        <div class=\"row\">\n                            <div class=\"col-12\">\n                    <h2>Current Curriculum<\/h2>\n                <\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"col-12\">\n                        <div class=\"accordion-element-accordion\">\n                            <a\n                                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                class=\"arrow-link large-arrow py-3 pe-1 d-block border-bottom collapsed\"\n                                href=\"#accordion-1618653762\"\n                            >\n                                <h4 class=\"accordion-title mb-0 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\n                                    <span>1. Semester<\/span>\n                                    <svg width=\"12\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 9 15\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path id=\"accordion_chevron\" d=\"M1.5 1.5L7.5 7.5L1.5 13.5\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>                                <\/h4>\n                            <\/a>\n                            <div\n                                class=\"collapse content-wrapper mt-3\"\n                                id=\"accordion-1618653762\"\n                            >\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <button\n                                                id=\"course-air-traffic-management-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-air-traffic-management\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Air Traffic Management |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066103<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Air Traffic Management<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-air-traffic-management\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-air-traffic-management-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * History of aviation in relation to ATM\/ATC\n* Milestones of navigation\n* Development of an ATC system\n* Aera Navigation \/ PBN Concept\n* Navigation Specification\n* PBN &#8211; European Legislation\n* PBN Approaches\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-introduction-to-aircraft-engineering-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-introduction-to-aircraft-engineering\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aircraft engineering |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066104<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Introduction to Aircraft Engineering<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">3.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-introduction-to-aircraft-engineering\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-introduction-to-aircraft-engineering-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * High and low speed aerodynamics\n* Flight mechanics\n* Constructive construction of aircraft\n* Aircraft systems\n*Strength of materials\n* Aircraft equipment\n* Helicopter (overview)\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-introduction-to-the-aviation-industry-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-introduction-to-the-aviation-industry\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aircraft engineering |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066105<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Introduction to the aviation industry<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-introduction-to-the-aviation-industry\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-introduction-to-the-aviation-industry-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Introduction to the aviation industry &#8211; a historical outline\n* General business analysis tools\n* Global market forecasts of aircraft manufacturers\n* Specific characteristics of the aviation industry\n* Classification of airlines\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-national-and-international-aviation-law-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-national-and-international-aviation-law\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aviation law and organisation of aviation |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066101<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>National and International Aviation Law<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-national-and-international-aviation-law\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-national-and-international-aviation-law-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * International aviation agreements;                            * ICAO and other important aviation organisations     * hierarchy of standards                                                 * aircraft (types and definitions), aerodromes             * air traffic regulations, air traffic control, airspace organisation                                                                    * aircraft accident investigation and reporting obligations, liability and insurance                                * excerpt from civil aviation personnel law, regulations originate to a large extent from &#8220;European law (Union law)\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-introduction-to-business-administration-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-introduction-to-business-administration\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Business Administration I |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066106<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Introduction to Business Administration<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-introduction-to-business-administration\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-introduction-to-business-administration-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Motivation Economy\n* Types of companies (legal forms \/ business models)\n* Markets and forms of cooperation (airlines)\n* Building an organization\n* External vs. internal accounting\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-project-management-i-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-project-management-i\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Project Management I |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066107<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Project Management I<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-project-management-i\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-project-management-i-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Basics for all areas of project management\n* The lecture forms the basis for leading smaller projects and assisting the project manager in large projects.\n* The contents of the lecture correspond to the contents of international standards (e.g. IPMA or PMI)\n* General information on project and program management                                                                                 * Management of project-oriented organizations\n* Part 2 is the core of the PM methods used to start a project and to plan, execute and complete it completely and comprehensively.\n* Part 3 deals with social skills. Content is the basics of practical standard methods that can be used in PM\n* In the last part, the different organizational forms of companies that have integrated project management are explained in their pure form.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-scientific-research-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-scientific-research\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Scientific Research |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066102<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Scientific Research<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-scientific-research\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-scientific-research-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Preparation, topic identification and planning of a master&#8217;s thesis \/ case study\n* Critical literature research\n* Conducting and evaluating interviews and surveys\n* Time and Organizational Management\n* correct citation\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                                                                        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"col-12\">\n                        <div class=\"accordion-element-accordion\">\n                            <a\n                                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                class=\"arrow-link large-arrow py-3 pe-1 d-block border-bottom collapsed\"\n                                href=\"#accordion-796472234\"\n                            >\n                                <h4 class=\"accordion-title mb-0 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\n                                    <span>2. Semester<\/span>\n                                    <svg width=\"12\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 9 15\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path id=\"accordion_chevron\" d=\"M1.5 1.5L7.5 7.5L1.5 13.5\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>                                <\/h4>\n                            <\/a>\n                            <div\n                                class=\"collapse content-wrapper mt-3\"\n                                id=\"accordion-796472234\"\n                            >\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <button\n                                                id=\"course-airline-schedulingpricingrevenue-management-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-airline-schedulingpricingrevenue-management\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aircraft Systems &amp; Air Traffic Control Technology |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066205<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Airline Scheduling\/Pricing\/Revenue Management<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">3.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-airline-schedulingpricingrevenue-management\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-airline-schedulingpricingrevenue-management-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Route planning\n* Network planning\n* Product analysis and marketing\n* Aircraft network planning including hub management\n* Flight and cabin crew planning\n* Dynamic pricing and revenue management\n* Cost and production analysis\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-the-aviation-sector-non-scheduled-traffic-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-the-aviation-sector-non-scheduled-traffic\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aircraft Systems &amp; Air Traffic Control Technology |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066206<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>The aviation sector &quot;Non-scheduled Traffic&quot;<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-the-aviation-sector-non-scheduled-traffic\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-the-aviation-sector-non-scheduled-traffic-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Description and definition of the aviation sector \u201cNon-scheduled traffic\u201d\n* According to which rules (aviation law) do companies operate in this sector?\n* Definition of the EASA sectors \u201cCAT\u201d, \u201cSPO\u201d, \u201cNCO\u201d and \u201cSPO\u201d\n* Differences between the CAT and NCC sectors in detail\n* Difference between \u201ccharter\u201d and \u201con demand\u201d traffic\n* Business models and \u201cbig players\u201d\n* A special application of this sector: air ambulance companies\n* According to which legal rules must air ambulance flights be operated\n* Regulations in the EASA area compared to other large \u201crule makers\u201d\n* Challenges in air ambulance operations\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-airline-strategy-and-fleet-management-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-airline-strategy-and-fleet-management\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Airline Management und Flight Operation |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066202<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Airline Strategy and Fleet Management<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">3.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-airline-strategy-and-fleet-management\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-airline-strategy-and-fleet-management-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Development of Commercial Air Travel\n* Fundamentals of Airline Economics\n* Airline Business Models\n* Airports and Infrastructure\n* Aircraft Market, Aircraft Evaluation and Operating Costs\n* Aircraft benchmarking\n* Aircraft Purchasing and Specification\n* Aircraft Financing + Aircraft Disposal\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-flight-operation-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-flight-operation\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Airline Management und Flight Operation |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066203<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Flight Operation<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-flight-operation\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-flight-operation-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * aircraft performance from an operational view\n* weight and balance\n* de- and anti-icing of aircraft\n* fuel and flight planning acc. EASA part ops\n* rule making process &#8211; in detail\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-airport-constructionairport-management-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-airport-constructionairport-management\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Airport Design and Management |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066204<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Airport Construction\/Airport Management<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-airport-constructionairport-management\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-airport-constructionairport-management-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        The students know:\n* in detail the complex processes and operations at a major airport\n* the basics of airport design and construction\n* the organizational structures at airports\n* the various options for ownership structures at commercial airports\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-controlling-and-corporate-strategy-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-controlling-and-corporate-strategy\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Business Administration II |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066207<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Controlling and Corporate Strategy<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-controlling-and-corporate-strategy\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-controlling-and-corporate-strategy-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * the basics of strategic business management (airline-specific)\n* basic difference between operational and strategic controlling\n* basics of determining the value of a company (DCF method)\n* \u200b\u200broute profit and loss calculation \/ profitability calculation tailored to flight operations\n* industry structure analysis &#8211; five forces according to Porter in the airline industry\n* balance sheet preparation \/ profit and loss analysis of annual financial statements \/ internationally used key figures in aviation\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-easa-regulation-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-easa-regulation\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>EASA &#8211; Rules and Regulations |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066201<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>EASA Regulation<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-easa-regulation\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-easa-regulation-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Structure and functioning of the EASA in Cologne and its interaction with the ICAO and the national authorities\n* Core activities of the various aviation domains\n* Cooperation between ICAO and EASA\n* Rulemaking process\n* The future of aviation\n* Annual safety review\n* European plan for aviation safety\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-advanced-project-managementpm2-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-advanced-project-managementpm2\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Project management 2 |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066208<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Advanced Project management(PM2)<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-advanced-project-managementpm2\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-advanced-project-managementpm2-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        The lecture covers advanced project management methods. In this lecture, the following topics are covered based on the content of the PM I lecture:\n* General information on project and program management\n* Management of projects and programs\n* Social skills\n* Management of project-oriented organizations. In the general part, the topics of PM 1 are repeated and differences between PM standards (PMI and IPMA) are taught.\nThe second part, building on the methods taught in PM I, contains the application from a variety of perspectives. The focus is on large projects and programs.\nThe third part deals with social skills. The content includes advanced methods on how communication and teamwork can be improved.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                                                                        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"col-12\">\n                        <div class=\"accordion-element-accordion\">\n                            <a\n                                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                class=\"arrow-link large-arrow py-3 pe-1 d-block border-bottom collapsed\"\n                                href=\"#accordion-349205605\"\n                            >\n                                <h4 class=\"accordion-title mb-0 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\n                                    <span>3. Semester<\/span>\n                                    <svg width=\"12\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 9 15\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path id=\"accordion_chevron\" d=\"M1.5 1.5L7.5 7.5L1.5 13.5\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>                                <\/h4>\n                            <\/a>\n                            <div\n                                class=\"collapse content-wrapper mt-3\"\n                                id=\"accordion-349205605\"\n                            >\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <button\n                                                id=\"course-aviation-operations-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-aviation-operations\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aviation operations |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066305<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Aviation operations<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-aviation-operations\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-aviation-operations-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        Goals and trends in purchasing\n* Meta-studies on purchasing trends\n* Core tasks and central target dimensions in purchasing\n* Selected methods and instruments for increasing efficiency in purchasing\n* Material group classification (e.g. MG key such as eClass, UNSPSC)\n* Connection between corporate and purchasing strategy\n* Portfolio technology in purchasing\n* TCO analyses\n* Purchasing benchmarks\n* Cost breakdown analyses\n\nSpecial topics in purchasing management and case studies such as\n* Maturity management in purchasing and\n* Case studies\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-expert-law-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-expert-law\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aviation operations |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066303<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Expert Law<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-expert-law\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-expert-law-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Disputes in court as a method of conflict resolution\n* Professional ethics and understanding of roles\n* The court expert\n* The report\n* The limits of judicial expert evidence\n* Expert liability\n* Experts and mediators\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-preparation-of-technical-reports-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-preparation-of-technical-reports\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aviation operations |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066304<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Preparation of technical reports<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-preparation-of-technical-reports\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-preparation-of-technical-reports-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Starting a business: The economic principle, management processes, planning and organization\n* Commercial and corporate law\n* Annual financial statements\n* Basics of pricing policy\n* Sales and markets\n* Human resources management\n* Business plan\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-safety-management-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-safety-management\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Aviation safety and aircraft accident investigation |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066306<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Safety Management<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-safety-management\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-safety-management-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Basics of safety\n* Safety management\n* Safety Statistics in Aviation\n* Analysis of Safety Reports\n* Error Management (according to Prof. James Reason)\n* Threat and Error Management in flight operations\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-case-study-related-to-the-professional-field-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-case-study-related-to-the-professional-field\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Case study related to the professional field |\n                                                            Seminar\n                                                            (SE)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066311<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Case study related to the professional field<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-case-study-related-to-the-professional-field\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-case-study-related-to-the-professional-field-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        &#8211; Preparation: topic selection and planning of larger scientific papers\n(research projects and master&#8217;s theses)\n&#8211; Literature search and processing (working with scientific databases)\n&#8211; Conducting and evaluating studies\n&#8211; Discussion and specification of methods\n&#8211; Scientific argumentation (incl. theses, hypotheses, verification and falsification)\nfalsification)\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-certification-of-aircraft-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-certification-of-aircraft\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Certification of aircraft |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066307<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Certification of aircraft<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">3.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-certification-of-aircraft\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-certification-of-aircraft-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Human Factors (HF) is a discipline that examines aspects of human action and behavior at work. Understanding HF is particularly important with regard to safety-relevant work activities such as those found in aviation.\n* Students are taught the basics of HF based on scientific models, theories and findings.\n* The course content includes a broad overview of the specific HF subject areas, with the focus on cognition, mental strain, stress, stress and fatigue management and mental health.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-certification-of-aircraft-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-certification-of-aircraft\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Certification of aircraft |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066308<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Certification of aircraft<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-certification-of-aircraft\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-certification-of-aircraft-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Students are taught the theories and principles of human-machine interaction, methods and guidelines of user-centered development as well as the basics of the process of usability engineering and usability testing.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-innovation-management-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-innovation-management\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Innovation management |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066301<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Innovation management<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">3.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-innovation-management\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-innovation-management-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Basics of innovation management (management-oriented approach)\n* Systematic technical innovations (especially initial introduction to TRIZ, product evolution)\n* Evaluation of innovation projects (controlling)\n* Megatrends and specific innovation projects in aviation, as well as their high-level evaluation and check of future viability. (Innovations from EFB to fuel efficiency, aircraft system issues; electric ECU vs. bleed air)\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-sustainable-technologies-in-aviation-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-sustainable-technologies-in-aviation\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Innovation management |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066302<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Sustainable technologies in aviation<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-sustainable-technologies-in-aviation\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-sustainable-technologies-in-aviation-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Mobility &#8211; people&#8217;s need for mobility\n* alternative mobility\n* intermodal transport\n* alternative fuels\n* alternative propulsion\n* optimization of flight operations\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-aviation-management-and-sustainability-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-aviation-management-and-sustainability\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Management systems (quality, environment, safety) |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066310<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Aviation Management and Sustainability<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-aviation-management-and-sustainability\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-aviation-management-and-sustainability-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Fundamentals of climate change, greenhouse effect, anthropogenic share, share of air traffic, effects on humans and nature &#8211; historical development\n* Transport and environmentally relevant energy and climate targets at national and international level &#8211; significance for air traffic\n* Necessary adaptation of the mobility system, avoid-improve-shift\n* Air traffic volume: shift to long-distance rail transport, SAF and electrification\n* Scenarios for the development of air traffic and its position in the current and future energy and mobility transition\n\nTranslated with DeepL.com (free version)\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-quality-and-compliance-management-in-flight-operations-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-quality-and-compliance-management-in-flight-operations\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Management systems (quality, environment, safety) |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066309<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Quality and Compliance Management in Flight Operations<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">3.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-quality-and-compliance-management-in-flight-operations\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-quality-and-compliance-management-in-flight-operations-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Requirements for an Air Operator Certificate\n* Communication of the basics of aviation law (EASA AIR OPS \/ EASA Part \u2013M \/ EASA Part \u2013 145)\n* Management system according to EASA AIR OPS\n* Requirements for the Quality\/Compliance Manager and the auditors, independence of the auditors, relevant process flows within the framework of a CMM\/QM system\n* Internal procedures and processes, continuous improvement (PDCA cycle)\n* Statistical evaluations in quality management, management review, interface to the Safety Management System (SMS)\n* Industry standards (eIOSA, IS-BAO) and their requirements.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                                                                        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"col-12\">\n                        <div class=\"accordion-element-accordion\">\n                            <a\n                                data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                class=\"arrow-link large-arrow py-3 pe-1 d-block border-bottom collapsed\"\n                                href=\"#accordion-557885201\"\n                            >\n                                <h4 class=\"accordion-title mb-0 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between\">\n                                    <span>4. Semester<\/span>\n                                    <svg width=\"12\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 9 15\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n<path id=\"accordion_chevron\" d=\"M1.5 1.5L7.5 7.5L1.5 13.5\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n<\/svg>                                <\/h4>\n                            <\/a>\n                            <div\n                                class=\"collapse content-wrapper mt-3\"\n                                id=\"accordion-557885201\"\n                            >\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <button\n                                                id=\"course-design-certification-and-maintenance-of-aircraft-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-design-certification-and-maintenance-of-aircraft\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Maintenance Management |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066401<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Design, Certification and Maintenance of Aircraft<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">5.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-design-certification-and-maintenance-of-aircraft\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-design-certification-and-maintenance-of-aircraft-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Aircraft Design &#038; Production, Certification &#038; Registration\n* The Continuing Airworthiness Management Cycle\n* Approved Maintenance Organisations\n* Parts Cycle &#038; Traceability\n* Airworthiness &#038; Operations \u2013 Interfaces &#038; Interdependencies\n* Part IS \u2013 Information Security\n* Environment &#038; Disposal\n* Sustainability\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-masters-thesis-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-masters-thesis\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Master&#039;s thesis |\n                                                            Seminar\n                                                            (SE)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066403<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Master&#039;s thesis<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-masters-thesis\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-masters-thesis-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        Students are supported in the preparation of their academic work by\nsupport similar to privatissima. Open questions can be answered not only through 1:1\ninformation, but by explaining the problems in the group and answering them\nclarified for everyone. The presentation to be provided at a scientific level\nchapters of the work completed up to that point helps students to discuss open questions in the group.\nquestions in the group.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-masters-thesis-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-masters-thesis\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Master&#039;s thesis |\n                                                            Master&#039;s Thesis\n                                                            (MA)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066404<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Master&#039;s thesis<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">20.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">0.50<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-masters-thesis\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-masters-thesis-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * Methods of scientific work are deepened at Master&#8217;s level\n* Preparation: topic selection &#038; planning, material search and processing \n* Implementation of own ideas, structuring\n* Manuscript: Structure &#038; formal requirements\n* The students develop their final scientific paper under\nsupervision\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-masters-thesis-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-masters-thesis\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Master&#039;s thesis |\n                                                            Modul\/Final Examination\n                                                            (FA)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066405<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>Master&#039;s thesis<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">0.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-masters-thesis\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-masters-thesis-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        Students defend their Master&#8217;s thesis in a board examination.\nThe board examination is conducted in accordance with the requirements for\nfinal examinations in accordance with the FHG as amended.\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                    <button\n                                                id=\"course-the-future-of-mobility-trigger\"\n                                                type=\"button\"\n                                                class=\"course-item major-text-color-hover major-border-color-hover\"\n                                                x-data=\"{ isOpen: false }\"\n                                                x-on:click=\"isOpen = ! isOpen\"\n                                                :aria-expanded=\"isOpen\"\n                                                aria-controls=\"course-the-future-of-mobility\"\n                                            >\n                                                <div class=\"p-3\">\n                                                    <div\n                                                        class=\"course-item__header\"\n                                                        data-specialisation_id=\n                                                    >\n                                                        <span>Visions and Strategies in Aeronautics |\n                                                            Lecture\/Practical\n                                                            (IL)\n                                                            | Coursecode:\n                                                            l250066402<\/span>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                            <small class=\"text-dark\">Language of instruction\n                                                            German<\/small>\n                                                                                                        <div class=\"course-item__content\">\n                                                        <h5>The future of Mobility<\/h5>\n                                                        <div class=\"infos\">\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">2.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>ECTS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div>\n                                                                <h5 class=\"fs-4 fw-bold\">1.00<\/h5>\n                                                                <span>SWS<\/span>\n                                                            <\/div>\n                                                        <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                    <div\n                                                        id=\"course-the-future-of-mobility\"\n                                                        aria-labelledby=\"course-the-future-of-mobility-trigger\"\n                                                        role=\"region\"\n                                                        :class=\"isOpen ? 'open' : ''\"\n                                                        class=\"course-item__description\"\n                                                    >\n                                                        * State of the art of conventional air transportation\n* Creativity methods\n* Comprehensive assessment of new system concepts\n* Case studies including air cabs, integration of electric and hybrid drives\n* Tools for idea management and project description\n* Outlook on further disruptive technologies in the aviation sector\n* Limits of electric flying\n                                                    <\/div>\n\n                                                <\/div>\n                                            <\/button>\n                                                                                                                                        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                            \n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"parent":10000089,"menu_order":20,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10000091"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10000091"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10000091\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10000089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fh-joanneum.at\/luftverkehrsmanagement\/postgraduate\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10000091"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}