Embedded Systems Engineering

Analog Circuit Design | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862101

Language of instruction English

Analog Circuit Design

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Stochastic signal theory: RMS, mean value, autocorrelation, cross correlation, spectral power density
Noise in electronic circuits: noise types, noise sources, transistor noise, noise figure
Circuit analysis with noise estimation: transistor and OpAmp noise calculations
Active filter circuits: filter characteristics, Sallen-Key and multifeedback circuit, 4th order bandpass, NIC, Gyrator, gm-C filter, double-T
Switched capacitor filter: charge balancing, amplifier, integrator, filter
ADC/DAC specifications: ADC noise, ENOB, gain and offset error, INL, DNL, SFDR
A/D and D/A converter: resistor-string, R-2R ladder, weighted current sources, charge redistribution, PWM, Delta-Sigma DAC, Flash, pipelined, SAR, Dual-Slope, Delta-Sigma ADC
Bandgap references: base-emitter voltage temperature drift, bandgap ref. circuits
Frontend design: example design with amplifier, filter and ADC, SNR and ENOB calculation
Computer simulations of circuit noise

Data Analysis | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862106

Language of instruction English

Data Analysis

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Summarizing, organizing, and presenting a set of data using descriptive statistics methods such as frequencies, visualization tools, and correlation and covariance matrix
Describing and predicting outcomes in uncertain situations using probability theory and their limit theorems
Definition and applications of random variables including limit theorems, distributions, and model and parameter estimations
Use of software for statistical analysis

Design Tools and Laboratory Engineering | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862104

Language of instruction English

Design Tools and Laboratory Engineering

3.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Procedural programming and the required programming environment
Use of debugging techniques for analysis and troubleshooting in software systems
Introduction to object-oriented programming concepts by designing and implementing classes using practical examples Introduction to laboratory operation
Dimensioning and building of transistor and operational amplifier circuits on prototype boards
Using lab equipment: power supplies and decoupling ICs, signal generation, multimeters, LCR bridge, oscilloscopes
Iterative, manual creation of UI-curves and Bode diagrams
Spice introduction to basic transistor and operational amplifier circuits
Scientific data processing with numerical analysis tools and graphical presentation of results with respect to guidelines for reports
PCB design workflow: capturing a schematic, routing of a PCB layout and the automatic generation of manufacturing and assembly data

Digital Circuit Design | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862102

Language of instruction English

Digital Circuit Design

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Advanced hardware description language syntax and synthesizable HDL programming
Practical circuit design and simulation (e.g., arithmetic circuits, finite state machine and interfaces such as SPI, I2C, I2S or UART)
Verification techniques for digital circuits (e.g. simulation, assertions)
Workflow for programmable logic devices (FPGAs) and their differences to digital integrated circuit designs (ASICs)
Synthesis and static timing analysis
On chip-bus systems (e.g.: Wishbone, AXI-4, APB, AHP)

Electronic Packaging | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862103

Language of instruction English

Electronic Packaging

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Introduction: overview, interaction between electrical and thermal performance
Semiconductor manufacturing: backend processes, assembly and packaging of chips
Advanced packaging: heterogeneous and multi-component packages, embedding and related concepts
High integration for PCBs: multi-layer PCB design, signal integrity, routing
Active and passive cooling concepts for electronic devices, heat sinks, heat pipes
Chip packaging concepts: flip-chip, wire bonding and more, chip-to-package interactions and thermal considerations
Advanced 3D PCB design with CAD Tools
Assigning fabrication and assembly test points for mass production, flying-probe devices and bed-of-nails test fixtures
Oscilloscope probe test point design
Impedance-matched waveguides, differential lines and other copper structures, signal integrity in high-frequency applications
Interfaces for microwave signal measurement, signal conditioning

Engineering Management 1 | Seminar (SE) | Coursecode: M240862108

Language of instruction English

Intercultural Communication

1.00

ECTS

1.00

SWS

Definition and differentiation of the term “culture”
Dealing with one’s own cultural identity as a starting point for cultural differences, getting to know the own culture better in order to be able to recognize different cultural behaviours
Cultural diversity – comparison between the culture of the group members
Fundamentals of communication: theoretical models and practical examples
Interpersonal communication and communication theory in an intercultural context
Introduction to group dynamics in an intercultural context
Communicating effectively with multicultural groups of people in different situations
Intercultural communication and everyday study life
Introduction to the study of electronic engineering and the associated rights and obligations as a basis for an intercultural exchange about personal expectations and views on the common everyday study life

Engineering Management 1 | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862107

Language of instruction English

System Requirements Engineering

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Introduction into product development basics (development process, project organization,…)
Definition systems engineering
V-Model
Systems engineering activities & work products
Structuring principles incl. level structure
Requirements engineering (development vs. danagement)
System design within product development – requirements engineering & system
Architecture specification
Model based systems engineering (MBSE) / SysML
Basic requirements engineering and applied V-model in the semiconductor industry
Requirements management & Design-to-Test
Conformity & compliance
Integration incl. integration management & test planning within product development
Requirements management tools
MBSE / SysML modeling tools

Software Design and Architectures | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862105

Language of instruction English

Software Design and Architectures

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Object-Oriented Programming: Reinforcement of object-oriented programming concepts, with a focus on practical applications using examples from data structures and algorithms. Examination of fundamental configuration management methodologies, including source code versioning, build automation, and test automation.
Object-Oriented Modeling: The fundamental principles of object-oriented modeling will be revisited, with a specific focus on Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams like package, class, object, sequence, state machine, and activity diagram.
Object-Oriented Design: The essential principles of class and package design will be explored through hands-on examples to emphasize their significance in creating effective software solutions.
Additionally, a variety of design patterns will be delved into, with particular attention to their relevance and implementation in embedded systems.

Machine Learning and Optimization | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862202

Language of instruction English

Machine Learning and Optimization

6.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

General concepts, algorithms, and models in machine learning such as constrained and unconstrained optimization, cross-validation, and model overfitting and underfitting.
Data preparation techniques such as handling missing values and outliers, transforming data, binning, and encoding categorical variables
Selection and application of appropriate machine learning models for clustering, classification, and regression
Metrics-dependent model evaluation and model deployment into existing systems or processes

Radio Frequency Engineering | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862201

Language of instruction English

Radio Frequency Engineering

7.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Introduction: Electrodynamics, Maxwell’s equations
Transmission line theory: telegraph equation, time-independent wave-equation, voltage- and current-waves on lossless transmission lines, characteristic impedance, wavelength, phase velocity, reflection coefficient, VSWR, matching, Smith chart, S-parameters microstrip lines, impedance matching networks
Electromagnetic waves: plane waves in vacuum, plane waves in linear media (skin effect, eddy current, proximity effect, displacement current), electromagnetic waves in wave guides
Antennas and antenna arrays: Hertz antenna (properties of the electromagnetic field, far-field), linear radiators, antenna arrays
RF Components: baluns, directional couplers, power divider, circulator, double balanced mixers

Computer Architectures and Programming | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862203

Language of instruction English

Computer Architectures and Programming

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Exploration of an example microarchitecture and its Instruction set
Assembly programming on the example microarchitecture and instruction emulation
Methods and concepts for improving the performance of microarchitectures (e.g. pipelining, multiprocessors, branch prediction, out-of-order execution, speculative execution, cache memories)
Workflow for implementing a microarchitecture on programmable system-on-chip or programmable logic devices as well as embedded software development for such hardware architectures
Benchmarking of a state-of-the-art processor and its architectural features
Operating system specific hardware components and concepts (memory management, cache coherency, simultaneous multithreading)

Digital Signal Processing | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862204

Language of instruction English

Digital Signal Processing

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Review of discrete-time signals and systems, including signal representation, discrete-time convolution, eigen-signals, the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), and the z-transform
Analysis of the sampling theorem for sampling and reconstructing signals
Analysis of the relationships between the continuous-time Fourier transform (CTFT), the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the fast Fourier transform (FFT)
Design of finite impulse response (FIR), infinite impulse response (IIR), and adaptive filters to attenuate, equalize and generate signals
Design of multi-rate systems to implement sample rate conversion and polyphase filters

Software Quality and Security | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862205

Language of instruction English

Software Quality and Security

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Software Inspection: This process includes examining source code to identify “Bad Smells”, applying software metrics for code quality assessment, and using static code analysis to detect potential bugs
Software testing: It encompasses unit tests, which target individual software components, and integration tests, which validate interactions between components to ensure seamless functionality
Secure coding: This includes programming techniques like encapsulation, input validation, output encoding, secure data representation, and robust error handling & logging
Cryptography in practice: It focuses on cryptographic techniques to secure data at rest, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access and ensuring data integrity
Reverse engineering: This involves analysis of binaries to understand their structure and functionality which is commonly used in debugging and security research

Digital Control Systems | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862209

Language of instruction English

Digital Control Systems

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Review of Control Systems: operation of analog and digital control systems, components, analog vs digital, transfer function, PID
Identification of dynamic systems based on discrete time models
Design and Implementation of Digital Controllers for SISO systems based on discrete transfer functions
Design and Implementation of Digital Controllers for multivariable systems (MISO, MIMO) using state space representation
Stability and robustness: design of control systems considering uncertainties of the plant’s parameters and disturbances
Application of control design for electrical and electromechanical systems

Digital Signal Processing | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862204

Language of instruction English

Digital Signal Processing

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Review of discrete-time signals and systems, including signal representation, discrete-time convolution, eigen-signals, the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), and the z-transform
Analysis of the sampling theorem for sampling and reconstructing signals
Analysis of the relationships between the continuous-time Fourier transform (CTFT), the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the fast Fourier transform (FFT)
Design of finite impulse response (FIR), infinite impulse response (IIR), and adaptive filters to attenuate, equalize and generate signals
Design of multi-rate systems to implement sample rate conversion and polyphase filters

Power Electronic Components | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862211

Language of instruction English

Power Electronic Components

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Overview of basic topologies of DC-DC Conversion (buck, boost)
Gate drivers for MOSFET half-bridges, switching analysis
Design and implementation of input/output filters
Analysis of passive power components (capacitors, inductors, transformers)
Structure and operation of power semiconductors (diodes, Si-MOSFETs, SiC-MOSFETs, IGBTs, GaN-HEMTs)
Analysis of sensors in power electronic circuits (temperature, speed, vibration, voltage, current)
3D modeling of power electronic components for thermal simulation

Software Quality and Security | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862205

Language of instruction English

Software Quality and Security

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Software Inspection: This process includes examining source code to identify “Bad Smells”, applying software metrics for code quality assessment, and using static code analysis to detect potential bugs
Software testing: It encompasses unit tests, which target individual software components, and integration tests, which validate interactions between components to ensure seamless functionality
Secure coding: This includes programming techniques like encapsulation, input validation, output encoding, secure data representation, and robust error handling & logging
Cryptography in practice: It focuses on cryptographic techniques to secure data at rest, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access and ensuring data integrity
Reverse engineering: This involves analysis of binaries to understand their structure and functionality which is commonly used in debugging and security research

Test Standards and Quality Management | Lecture (VO) | Coursecode: M240862207

Language of instruction English

Test Standards and Quality Management

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Quality standards such as IATF 16949, ISO 9000, ISO 9001
Issue and risk management
Traceability and product liability
Toyota production system (continuous improvement, Kaizen, 5S, …)
Test quality (KPI’s, Economics, error prevention, error handling)
Reliability stress tests (e.g. HTOL, HAST, THB, TC)
Statistical test methods and the ISO 2859 standard
EMC: Introduction and overview, fundamentals and theory, Integrated circuits test methods

Test and Measurement Automation | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862206

Language of instruction English

Test and Measurement Automation

8.00

ECTS

5.00

SWS

Introduction to test and measurement automation with focus on semiconductor industry: automated test equipment and virtual instrumentation software
Measurement instruments: terminology, key specification parameters, interpretation of datasheets for power supplies, source measure units, digital multimeters, function generators, oscilloscopes
Standard interfaces of measurement/testing systems
Selection of hardware and software based on test cases and their measurement requirements
Development of communication between the system and the necessary device drivers and libraries
Design and implementation of an automated test system for an example DUT including software, measurement and testing equipment as well as hardware (sensors, PCB)
Development of a proper datalogging strategy to post-process raw data for analyzing measurement results
Apply version control methodologies to developed measurements, results and reports

Engineering Management 2 | Seminar (SE) | Coursecode: M240862301

Language of instruction English

Project Management

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Project types and methodologies
Project phases, milestones and gates
Project plans
Effort estimation methodologies
Communication plans and meeting structures
Resource-based and skill-based planning
Risk management
Failure mode and effect Analysis
Agile project management

Engineering Management 3 | Project Thesis (PA) | Coursecode: M240862302

Language of instruction English

Electronic Engineering Project

6.00

ECTS

0.50

SWS

Solving a specific technical task on the under supervision that corresponds to the level of education.

Automotive Testing | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862309

Language of instruction English

Automotive Testing

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Introduction to testing of automotive systems
Complete vehicle testing overview
CAN and LIN busE/E test benchesFlexRay and Ethernet
System integration testing (FRS)
HV battery and testing
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
EMC standards for road vehicles and integrated circuits
Functional safety (IEC EN 61508, ISO 26262)
Introduction to automated driving
ADAS/AD: system architecture, sensors and features, development process
Virtual description of the static environment
Test execution environments for verification and validation
Introduction to scenario based verification and validation
Description of the dynamic environment („scenarios“)
Safety argumentation

Design for Test | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862307

Language of instruction English

Design for Test

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

JTAG: boundary scan architecture and description language, tap controller internals
Testing of digital circuits: test modes, parallel tests, scan test, built-in self-tests
Modularization and testing
Lifetime management: wafer test, backend test, test of product returns (field tests)
Fault simulation: controllability, observability, accessibility of circuits
Scan Design
Automatic Test Pattern Generation
Test Compression
Delay test
Iddq testing
Logic Built in self test
Memory testing
Fault Diagnosis
Analog and mixed signal testing (IEEE 1149.4)

Production Testing | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862310

Language of instruction English

Production Testing

7.00

ECTS

5.00

SWS

Processes in electronic production and chip fabrication
Test program development and debugging
Remote debugging and remote development
Compliance matrix
Methods for test time optimization
Test flow, test insertions
Guard band (test-limit management)
PAT (part average testing)
PCB with test adapter
Test equipment overview and architecture
Binning and Grading
Data Logging
Wafer test and package test
ATE programming
Traceability
Trimming and fusing

Validation Test Development | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862308

Language of instruction English

Validation Test Development

5.00

ECTS

3.00

SWS

Validation and production test
Preparing a verification plan
Automatic test vector generation (ATVG)
Structural, block and system test
Automated test
Characterization, comparison with data sheet, Corner Testing
Robustness validation

Continuous Delivery in Embedded Systems | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862305

Language of instruction English

Continuous Delivery in Embedded Systems

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

IoT architectures: selection of architectural patterns with a focus on IoT systems, message-oriented architectures and microservices
Architectural risk analysis: attack surface analysis, and performing threat modeling to assess potential security risks
Software development lifecycle: phases of software development and process models used to manage the software development process
Continuous integration pipeline: pre-commit stage (code inspection, test-driven development), commit stage (unit testing, security testing, static code analysis, artifact repository)
Continuous delivery pipeline: acceptance stage (deployment into the test environment, acceptance testing, penetration testing), production stage (release into production)

Design Verification | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862304

Language of instruction English

Design Verification

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Introduction to functional verification
Functional verification in electronic circuit development: system level, schematic and PCB
Functional verification in the System-on-Chip (SoC) design flow
Ensure the correctness and reliability of a design
Requirements driven verification: requirement specification and verification plan, simulation, and creating testbenches
Verification methods like pseudo-random stimuli generation, coverage-driven verification, assertion-based verification, and self-checking mechanisms
RTL und gatelevel-simulation
Hardware description language usage for verification
Reporting the findings and addressing any identified issues

Realtime Computing | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862306

Language of instruction English

Realtime Computing

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Computer Architecture Review
HW / SW partitioning and synchronization of HW and SW tasks to avoid race conditions
Multitasking/Multithreading and Scheduling, Interprocess Communication (Pipes, Queues, Shared Memories)
Operating Systems (Embedded Linux, Free RTOS)
Unix/Linux Ecosystem
Programming Toolchains
Debugging and Profiling
Networking
HW Acceleration, custom circuits, and hardened communication interfaces in the FPGA
SW-HW Communication using Registers, Dualport-RAMs, FIFO-Queues and Direct Memory Access (DMA) as well as Scheduling in the FPGA device

System-on-Chip Design | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862303

Language of instruction English

System-on-Chip Design

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Fundamentals of a modern instruction set architecture (e.g. RISC-V, ARM, etc.).
Design and simulation of custom bus peripherals
Developement of a top-level chip design with a processor core, custom bus peripherals as well as existing IP from libraries
Instantiation of the architecture on a programmable logic device (FPGA) and verification via execution of software applications
Introduction to a chip design workflow and toolchain for application specific integrated circuits (ASICs)
Implementation of the top-level chip design for production

Electric Mobility | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862314

Language of instruction English

Electric Mobility

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Introduction to electric mobility: electric drivetrain, testing facilities, types, requirements
AC electrical machines: design and construction, operating behaviour
Universal modeling of electrical machines, including the grid as a virtual motor
Optimized control techniques for multi-phase systems (e.g. field oriented control for electric drives)
Analysis of test systems for electric mobility components
Model-based design of electric mobility systems (HIL, P-HIL)

Power Converter Design | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862312

Language of instruction English

Power Converter Design

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Design of non-isolated DC-DC Converters for higher density and efficiency (interleaved, multi-level)
Selection of power semiconductors according to design criteria
Design of DC-AC converter focusing on motor or power grid interface applications
Design of isolated DC-DC converters including resonant converters (flyback, full-bridge, dual active bridge, series resonant converter)
Simulation-based design of PWM control methods
Analysis of control units in the field of power electronics

Power Electronic Device Engineering | Lecture/Practical (IL) | Coursecode: M240862313

Language of instruction English

Power Electronic Device Engineering

6.00

ECTS

4.00

SWS

Low voltage directive
Analysis of protective measures and personal safety
Analysis of typical power electronic devices e.g. PV inverters
Simulation-based design of EMI filters including FEM electromagnetics
Design of high current/low inductive PCBs (regarding eddy current effects)
Analysis of mechanical assembly
Concept and implementation of power electronic cooling systems

Renewable Energy | Lecture (VO) | Coursecode: M240862311

Language of instruction English

Renewable Energy

3.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Transformation towards electrified systems: Overview and market situation
Renewable Energy Generation: Photovoltaic systems, wind energy, hydropower, fuel cells, e-fuels, associated power electronic devices
Energy Storage Systems: Hydrogen cycle, battery storage, mechanical storage, associated power electronic devices
Smart Grids: Charging techniques, DC microgrids, operation, control, benefits

Engineering Management 4 | Seminar (SE) | Coursecode: M240862401

Language of instruction English

Innovation Management

2.00

ECTS

2.00

SWS

Introduction to innovation management: definition, concepts and scope
Types of innovation: product innovation, process innovation, service innovation, business model innovation
Innovation process: idea generation, idea screening and selection, development and prototyping, testing and validation, implementation and commercialization
Fostering of innovation culture: creating a culture of experimentation and risk-taking, encouraging diversity for enhanced creativity, leadership’s role
Collaboration and cooperation for innovation: interdisciplinary teams, effective communication
Managing innovation risks: identifying innovation-related risks, learning from failure, short-term and long-term innovation goals
Innovation leadership and strategy: developing and communicating an innovation strategy, leading change, aligning innovation efforts with organizational goals

Engineering Management 4 | Seminar (SE) | Coursecode: M240862402

Language of instruction English

Presentations and Meetings

1.00

ECTS

1.00

SWS

Interpersonal communication and communication theory in intercultural context
Preparing and carrying out international meetings
Presentation preparation and presentation techniques
Web meetings
Effective communication with multicultural groups of people in different situations

Master's Thesis and Scientific Working | Modul/Final Examination (FA) | Coursecode: M240862405

Language of instruction English

Master's Exam

3.00

ECTS

0.00

SWS

The board examination is carried out in accordance with the requirements for final examinations of FH Master‘s degree programmes pursuant to FHStG as amended.

Master's Thesis and Scientific Working | Master's Thesis (MA) | Coursecode: M240862404

Language of instruction English

Master's Thesis

22.00

ECTS

0.50

SWS

Solving an engineering problem from the field in an industrial or scientific environment

Master's Thesis and Scientific Working | Seminar (SE) | Coursecode: M240862403

Language of instruction English

Scientific Working

2.00

ECTS

1.00

SWS

Scientific methods and scientific community
Literature search and quotation rules: how to write clearly and precisely structure and writing of scientific papers
Writing an abstract
Writing a scientific report in the form of a conference paper